In Turkish, it is well known that predicates of consequence clauses of counterfactual conditional sentences are formed with the combination of either suffix -(A/I)r and clitic =(y)DI, or suffix -(y)AcAK and clitic =(y)DI. However, other forms are also in use and their meanings and motivations to use them have not been described so far. In this paper, I point out that different forms can be used in the predicate of consequence clauses of counterfactual conditional sentences and report the intermediate results of analyzing their meanings.
In Chapter 1 I raise a question about predicate forms of consequence clauses of counterfactual conditionals. Reference grammars and textbooks have only mentioned -(A/I)r=(y)DI and -(y)AcAK=(y)DI. My previous research has shown that besides these forms, -mAlI=(y)DI, -mIş=(y)DI, -(I)yor=(y)DI can appear in consequence clauses of counterfactual sentences and have pointed out that it is possible to embed counterfactual sentences.
Chapter 2 summarizes the structure of Turkish predicates and previous research on modality and counterfactual from the perspective of semantics. As for the meaning of modality and counterfactual, I use the possible worlds analysis.
In chapter 3 I show the result of a corpus study to see what forms are in use. As a result, in addition to the 2 usual forms, 12 definite forms and 3 indefinite ones were found. Observing every example, I try to explain the meanings of the forms found.
Chapter 4 summarizes the conclusion of the paper and presents the outlook. Some morphologic and semantic characteristics shared with several predicate forms are observed.