要旨

本研究では、日本人学生と外国人留学生が参加する学部授業において、より良い話し合いについて考える活動を通して、受講生がどのようなことをどのように学んだか分析した。本授業では、話し合いがうまく行く方法とうまく行かない要因について検討し後、話し合いの良い例と悪い例のビデオ教材の分析活動を行った。そこで意識化した留意点をもとに、実際に受講生が話し合いの実践・振り返りを行った。そして、今後の自身の話し合いで活かしたい点を検討した。これらの活動から受講生達は、「①事前準備・前提」「②役割分担・進行」「③参加態度」「④話し方（内容・意見・非言語行動）」「⑤相手への配慮・理解」「⑥環境・人間関係」といった話し合いの留意点について意識化していることが分かった。また、日本人学生と外国人留学生がともに話し合いの仕方について検討することで、新たな視点を得ている様子も見られた。これらをもとに、今後の話し合いの方法を学ぶための教材開発に向けた提案を行った。

Abstract

In this study, the author analyzed what students learned, and how they learned it, in the course of engaging in activities designed to encourage them to think about how to have better discussions, as part of an undergraduate class attended by both Japanese students and international students. In this class, after examining in what way the discussions went well and in what way they did not go well, the students analyzed video clips of good and bad examples of discussions. Informed by the points they had been made aware of, the students engaged in actual discussions and in reflections on those discussions. Then, they examined the points that they would like to utilize in their own discussions in the future. Through these activities, the students were made conscious of the following points regarding engaging in discussion: (1) advance preparation/premise, (2) division of roles/progress, (3) participation attitude, (4) speaking style (contents, opinions, and nonverbal behaviors), (5) consideration/understanding of the interlocutor, and (6) environment/human relations. It was also observed that Japanese students and international students, by examining how they should engage in discussions with each other, gained new perspectives on the matter. Given these results, the author has made proposals for the future development of teaching materials related to discussion.